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''Iron Jawed Angels'' is a 2004 American historical drama film. It was directed by Katja von Garnier and starred Hilary Swank as suffragist leader Alice Paul, Frances O'Connor as activist Lucy Burns, Julia Ormond as Inez Milholland, and Anjelica Huston as Carrie Chapman Catt. The film received critical acclaim after it premiered at the 2004 Sundance Film Festival.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Interview with Paul Fischer at the Sundance Film Festival in 2004 )〕 Much of the principal photography was done in Richmond, Virginia. The film focuses on the American women's suffrage movement during the 1910s, and follows women's suffrage leaders Alice Paul and Lucy Burns as they use peaceful and effective nonviolent strategies, tactics, and dialogues to revolutionize the American feminist movement to grant women the right to vote. It was released in the United States on February 15, 2004. ==Plot== The film begins as Alice Paul (Hilary Swank) and Lucy Burns (Frances O'Connor) return from England where they met while participating in the Women's Social and Political Union started by radical suffragette Emmeline Pankhurst and led by her daughter Christabel Pankhurst. The pair presents a plan to the National American Woman's Suffrage Association (NAWSA) to push directly in Washington for women's rights to vote nationally. They see that their ideas were much too forceful for the established leaders, particularly Carrie Chapman Catt (Anjelica Huston), but are allowed to lead the NAWSA Congressional Committee in DC. They start by organizing the 1913 Women's Suffrage Parade, on the eve of President Woodrow Wilson's inauguration. While soliciting donations at an art gallery, Paul convinces labor lawyer Inez Milholland (Julia Ormond) to serve as a figurehead for the parade and meets a Washington newspaper political cartoonist, Ben Weissman (a fictional character, played by Patrick Dempsey), causing romantic fire to start. In a fictional scene, Paul tries to explain to Ida B. Wells why she wants African American women to march in the back of the parade in order to not anger southern Democrats in the movement, but Wells refuses, and joins a white group during the middle of the parade. (Wells did refuse to be segregated and marched with her state delegation but never met with Paul about it.〔http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2226351〕) After disagreements over fundraising, Paul and Burns are pushed out of the NAWSA, and found the National Woman's Party (NWP) to support their approach. Alice Paul briefly explores a romantic relationship with Ben Weissman. He has a child (also a fictional character). Further conflicts within the movement are portrayed as NAWSA leaders criticize NWP tactics, such as protesting against Wilson and picketing outside the White House in the Silent Sentinels action. Relations between the American government and the NWP protesters also intensify, as many women are arrested for their actions, charged with "obstructing traffic." The arrested women are sent to the Occoquan Workhouse for 60-day terms. Despite abusive treatment, Paul and other women undertake a hunger strike, during which paid guards force-feed them milk and raw eggs. The suffragists are blocked from seeing visitors or lawyers, until a U.S. Senator (the fictional Tom Leighton) manages to visit his wife Emily (also fictional), one of the imprisoned women. News of their treatment leaks to the media after she secretly passes a letter to him during the visit. Paul, Burns, and all of the other women are released. Further pressure is put on Wilson as the NAWSA joins in the NWP call for a nineteenth amendment to the Constitution. Finally he accedes to the pressure, rather than be called out in the international press for fighting for democracy in Europe while denying its benefits to half of the U.S. population. Ratification follows in the states, reaching a climax when Harry T. Burn, a member of the Tennessee legislature, receives a telegram from his mother at the last minute and changes his vote, such that the amendment is ratified. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Iron Jawed Angels」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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